February 2017

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We have a lot of excellent content from an older blog that we now plan to post here now on Mondays. These posts will not be synched to the calendar date : 

The Value of Memorizing Scripture and the Catechism in Childhood (1933)
by the Rev. E.E. Bigger

[excerpted from Christianity Today [old series], vol. 4, no. 5 (Mid-September 1933), page 6.]

Paul, in writing to Timothy charged him to “Hold fast to the form of sound words.” 2 Tim. 1:13. Dean Alford, in his Greek Testament, places the stress on the word “form” in this verse. His reason is, the rule that the position of the substantive (subject or object) in relation to the verb, before or after, determines whether the emphasis should be on the substantive or the verb. In this instance the object precedes the verb in the Greek text, hence the emphasis is on the object, “form,”–“The form of sound words,” doctrine. Paul tells us when and by whom Timothy came in possession of “the form of sound words,” viz. “from a child,” young child: “Continue thou in the things which thou has learned and has been assured of, knowing of whom (viz. thy mother Eunice and thy grandmother Lois, 2 Tim. 1:5) thou hast learned them; and that from a child thou hast known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation, which is in Christ Jesus.” 2 Tim. 3:14, 15. Timothy, with his mother and grandmother, was probably converted under Paul at Lystra. The Holy Spirit naturally used the Scriptures, in the new birth and conversion of Timothy,, which he had known from a child, as Paul says it was able to make him wise unto salvation. So, many parents have had the great joy of seeing the early conversion of their children, as the gracious reward of the faithful training of their children, in storing their minds with the Scriptures followed by prayer. Paul says, “Bring up your children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord.” Peter says, “The milk of the word” is necessary to the growth of the babe in Christ. So, “the milk of the word” is necessary to lay the foundation of spiritual life and growth of the babe in the flesh. The greatest heritage to which a child can fall heir in this world, is that of godly parents, faithful in the responsibility for the destiny of their children. Prov. 22:6.

What is true about memorizing Scripture in childhood is equally true of memorizing the Catechism. True, the Catechism is not so vital as the Scripture. But the Catechism provides definitions of the truths of Scripture essential to the understanding of Scripture. It also provides a system of Bible principles, showing the order and relation of the truths to each other, thus fixing in the mind the plan of salvation, and establishing and fortifying mind and heart against the false isms which would deceive, if possible, the very elect. Dr. John Hall, late pastor of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church, New York, speaking of the importance of memorizing the Catechism, said, “Having no anchor in definite religious knowledge, it is no wonder that a speculation cannot be propounded among us so silly that it shall not find followers.” Considering the great value of this system of Bible truth, there are two reasons why it should be memorized in childhood: First, because it is a much easier task for the child than in later years; and second, because if it is not memorized in childhood, it is one in a thousand that it never will be. Some think it is a useless task to impose on the child, since he can have little or no understanding of the meaning of the words. But the meaning will come in later years when the reasoning powers of the mind are developed, and the need and importance of the truths embodied are realized. The late Dr. John Cumming, of London, tells his experience: “When I learned that Scriptural and extremely abstruse work, the Shorter Catechism, I did not understand it. But my memory was stored with the truths of that precious document. And when I grew up I found those truths, which had been laid aside in its cells as propositions which I could neither understand nor make use of, became illumined by the sunshine of after years, and, like some hidden and mysterious writing, reveal in all beauty and fullness, those precious truths which I had never seen nor understood before.”

The Catechism was drilled into me Sunday afternoons, and the answer to “What is sin?” I rattled off without even a thought of its meaning, until in the maturity of manhood, its meaning flashed upon me, that there are two classes of sin, viz., sins of omission and sins of commission, shall I not say, equally heinous in God’s sight, according to their equal “aggravations”? Q. 83. There never was a day when the mind of youth should be so charged and fortified against the insidious and bold attacks of error and infidelity as the present. As parents are awake to the life and destiny of their children, will they use these effective agencies for their safety and salvation?

[excerpted from Christianity Today 4.5 (Mid-September 1933): 6.]

“To God’s Glory” : A Practical Study of a Doctrine of the Westminster Standards
by Rev. Leonard T. Van Horn

THE SUBJECT : The Primary Concern of Man

THE BIBLE VERSES TO READ : I Cor. 10:31; Psalm 73:24-26; John 17:22, 24; Psalm 42:1-2a; Romans 11:36.

REFERENCE TO THE STANDARDS : Confession : Chap. I.1; Larger Catechism : Q. 1; Shorter Catechism :  Q. 1.

It is a fact to be much regretted that the average believer who gives allegiance to the Westminster Standards is a believer that many times ignores the living of these Standards in the daily pursuits of life. These people would attest to the fact that it is good to believe, and it is good to have a creed in which to believe. But too many times there is not the urgency to make use of the beliefs in the day by day living.

There is much harm that can result from believing in a creed and not living it out in the life. From such an existence there comes a low standard of Biblical living and the professing believer becomes cold, formal, and without spiritual power.

It should be recognized that the first lesson to be learned from the Shorter Catechism is that the primary concern of the person saved by God is that of being of service to the Sovereign God. The Westminster Shorter Catechism does not begin with the salvation of man. It does not begin with God’s promises to His children. It begins with placing the believer in the right relationship with the Sovereign God. James Benjamin Green said years ago that the answer to the first question of the Catechism asserts two things :
“The duty of man, ‘to glorify God,’ The destiny of man, ‘to enjoy Him.'”

A sad commentary on our times is that many of those committed to the principles of the Reformed Faith, who have made much of their inheritance of the Creeds of their forefathers, have failed to inherit the desire of those same forefathers to make use of their faith in their daily living. The glorification of God in the daily life is the only possible proof of a living belief of the Reformed Faith.

Our forefathers understood this and daily were striving to make use of it in their lives. John Owen said in his writings, “But to separate more in the holiness of our lives and conversations, to keep more from the uncleanness and vanities of the world, all the abominations of it;—God’s call is upon us all for this.” (The Works of John Owen, Vol. 9, page 295).

Of course, many today will attempt to excuse themselves by stating that we live in a different age, that the temptations and pressures of today’s world tend to divert us from spiritual things. Again and again the barrier is raised by many professing believers against separation from evil unto holiness. There is very little desire to pay whatever costs might be involved in order to live wholly to the glory of God.

The question needs to be asked, How do we glorify God? What are some characteristics we can look for in our lives?

1. A daily desire to glorify Him. (I Cor. 10:31)

2. A Biblical view of sin in that we show true repentance and a burden to hate sin as sin against a Holy God. (Isa. 55:7)

3. A constant examination of our lives to be certain we are showing forth the fruits of the Spirit. (John 15:8)

4. A conviction that God’s providence is at work in our lives and letting God work it out in His way. (Rom. 8:28)

5. An urgency within us to live holy lives. (II Peter 3:11)

6. A willingness to be persecuted for righteousness sake, to accept it with joy. (Heb. 11:25)

7. A burden to share the Christ of the Scriptures with all those with whom we come in contact. (Mark 16:15)

8. A love of praising God for His Son and all He means to us. (Psalm 50:23)

There could be many others to be added to such a list. However, if all of us would strive to be consistent with the above eight characteristics God would be glorified in our lives, all to His glory.

Augustine once said, “Thou hast created us for Thyself, O God, and our heart is restless until it finds repose in Thee.” We can only find our contentment, satisfaction, and joy when we find it in glorifying Him. We can glorify Him by believing in Him, by confessing Him before men, by praising Him, by defending His truth, by showing fruit, by worshiping Him.

Our primary purpose in life is to glorify God. It is good for us to have knowledge of doctrine. But our knowledge of doctrine should be a motivator for us to glorify God. For such we were made by Him. Let us say with the Psalmist, “As the hart panteth after the water brooks, so panteth my soul after Thee, O God. My soul thirsteth for God, for the living God.” (Psalm 42:1-2a)

Remembrances of Robert Dick Wilson
by David T. Myers

We have written before in these posts of Dr. Robert Dick Wilson, who was born on this day, February 4, in 1856, (see February 2014 and October 11, 2016), but there is enough in the life and ministry of this Christian scholar at both Princeton Seminary and Westminster Seminary to write many more posts on him. This author has the inestimable privilege of being the youngest son of my father, the Rev David K. Myers, who studied under Dr. Wilson at Princeton Seminary in the years of 1927 – 1929. Read carefully the following description of Dr. Wilson, taken from my father’s autobiography on page 72 – 73, entitled “Preaching on the Plains.”

“It was a feast to attend Dr. Wilson’s classes in Old Testament Introduction. He was a favorite with the students. When he would arrive at the door of the classroom, all the students would be sitting down. But often, one of the students would be on the alert as a ‘lookout’ to see when he would approach the door. He was usually just slightly late. But by this time, the students would be cheering, whistling and clapping with all their might so that his arrival would be a great to-do.

“His teaching style was unique. He would teach like an evangelist, as indeed he was when a young man in his native western Pennsylvania. His subject was ever the demonstrable historicity and truth of the Bible. He would weave back and forth, or from side to side on the platform, or walk up and down the aisle, pat students on the side of the head, speak confidentially to them. They all loved him earnestly. His purpose: to vanquish the opponents of God’s Word, and show how silly they were. For example, he might shout, ‘Driver’ (the late critic of Oxford University). ‘Who is Driver?’ Then he’d whisper in a hushed tone, confidentially, ‘Driver is dead!’

“Dr Wilson said he was unable to keep to his life program of reserving the last fifteen years simply to give his results to the world, for he said that the critics changed their positions so often, he had to keep researching the evidence to answer them!

“Our class in Advanced Hebrew met in his study. It was different! Piles of ear-marked books were on the floor. One had to wend his way carefully between piles of research. A most handy way of study, I was told. He remarked at one time his wife tidied up his study and destroyed six months of research at hand.”

Then my father, now with the Lord, summed up his paragraph by writing, “Dr. Robert Dick Wilson, scholar, linguist, and defender of the faith.” And he was all that!

Words to Live By:
In Jude 3, 4, the inspired writer commands all of God’s people to “contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all handed down to the saints. For certain persons have crept in unnoticed, those who were long beforehand marked out for this condemnation, ungodly persons who turn the grace of our God into licentiousness and deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.” (NASB)

Departing from the calendar today [off by exactly one month!], I’m sharing something of which I was reminded earlier today. I trust this will be of some interest:

Q. 1.   Who made you ?
A.  God.
Q. 2.  What else did God make ?
A.  God made all things.
Q. 3.   Why did God make you and all things ?
A.  For his own glory.

So begins the Children’s Catechism, a work intended to serve as an introduction to theWestminster Shorter Catechism.  The author of the Children’s Catechism, as it turns out, was Joseph Patterson Engles, a man almost entirely unknown today, though his Catechism remains in print and widely used.  Engles authored several catechetical helps, but this one work alone remains in use to this day.

He was the son of Silas and Annie Patteson Engles, born in Philadelphia on 3 January 1793. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1811 and was subsequently appointed co-master of a Grammar school which operated under the auspices of the University.  In 1817 he began working alongside the Rev. Dr. Samuel B. Wylie in the operation of an academy, remaining at that post for another twenty-eight years after Wylie’s departure.  In February 1845, Engles was elected by the Board of Publications of the Presbyterian Church, U.S.A. to serve as Publishing Agent.  He is also noted as having faithfully served as an elder in the Scots Presbyterian Church up until the time of his death on 14 April 1861.  Nevin’s Encyclopedia comments that “He was a gentleman of varied literary acquirements, and of signal affability and kindness.  The spiritual element of his character was pre-eminent; it entered into his daily life and walk, it permeated all he said and did; to visit the widow and the fatherless, and keep himself unspotted from the world, was his earnest desire, and fully was it realized.”
[to date, I have not been able to locate a portrait or photograph of Mr. Engles]

Earlier today a patron of the PCA Historical Center asked about the Introduction to The Children’s Catechism, also written by Engles.  In turn it seemed appropriate to open with the above brief biographical sketch.  Here now is the text of the Introduction:

TO PARENTS AND TEACHERS.

You have an awfully responsible office in being entrusted with the training of immortal spirits for the service of God on earth and for glory in heaven. The temporal welfare and  the  eternal salvation not only of your own children, but of future generations, may depend upon your faithfulness in the discharge of this duty. The prosperity, and even the continuance, of the church of God on earth are connected with the religious education of the rising generation.  To aid you in this all-important task the following little work has been written, and is humbly offered to your acceptance. Brevity and conciseness have been studied in the composition of it as far as the nature of the subjects treated of would allow. But much of the benefit to be derived from this work will depend on the judgment and care exercised in the use of it. Without these requisites even the words of inspiration may be perverted to convey defective or erroneous views of truth ; and with them even an imperfect work like the present may be made a “ light to the feet and a lamp to the path” of your interesting charge.  Be admonished then to enter on this “work of faith and labor of love” “with diligence, preparation and prayer.” Endeavor to impress the minds of the dear children with the importance of understanding what they learn. Be not satisfied with the verbal accuracy of their answers.  Encourage them to ask and be ready to answer questions for information, while you gently check a spirit of idle curiosity. Endeavor to make what most children consider an irksome task a pleasing and profitable study. Be not discouraged nor chafed in your minds if you find that “ line upon line and precept upon precept” are required to overcome the dullness or heedlessness of your youthful disciples.  Remember the words of the divine Teacher, who, when inviting sinners to become his disciples, said, “ Learn of me, for I am meek and lowly in heart.” And emulate the spirit of the pious mother who, when asked by a witness of her patience and successful perseverance in the instruction of one of her children, “ How could you repeat that sentence to the child twenty times?” answered, “If I had repeated it only nineteen times I should have lost my labor.”
Acting thus in the spirit of faith and prayer, you shall in due time reap the fruit of your labors, and when your heads are laid low in the dust your children shall rise up and call you blessed.

A Man of Genius and Eloquence
by David T. Myers

The minister showed up at the door of his new congregation in Philadelphia, only to find the door locked, obviously by some dissenters who did not like the fact that the majority of the congregation had called this new preacher.  The dissenters were primarily opposed to his stance on the New Side – Old Side schism, then in full swing in the infant Presbyterian denomination.  He stood solidly on the New Side.  Eventually, some of his supporters threw him into the sanctuary through an open window.  What a beginning to a ministry!  But it was in this way that the Rev. George Duffield began his long pastorate at the Pine Street Presbyterian Church, where he was to remain there until his death on February 2, 1790.

George Duffield was educated first at Newark Academy in Delaware.  He followed that  with training at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton), graduating in 1752.  A personal study in theology, under Dr. Robert Smith, of Pequea, Pennsylvania, came next in his years of ministerial preparation.  Ordination to ministry in the Presbyterian Church enabled him to serve three churches in central Pennsylvania, namely, Carlisle, Newville, and Dillsburg.  After the last congregation he was called in 1771 to the Pine Street Presbyterian church in Philadelphia.  It was to be his greatest work.

The national issues of independence from England were on the horizon.  George Duffield set his ministry in support of liberty from tyranny.  So vocal was he that eventually the church became known as “The Church of the Patriots.”  When the first chaplain to the newly formed Continental Congress went over to the British side, the Congress named two chaplains to replace him.  One was an Anglican pastor, and the other George Duffield.  He would serve alongside the Anglican pastor as well as serving as chaplain of a Pennsylvania regiment in the war for Independence.

Such attachment to Revolutionary ideals would not go unnoticed by the British occupational forces in Philadelphia.   They placed a price on his head, thereby putting him in great danger.   The Pine Street Presbyterian building  was turned into a hospital, with the pews being burned for warmth of the British wounded inside of it.  Then it was made into a stable for their animals.  The greatest insult of all came when one hundred deceased Hessian (German mercenaries serving the British army) soldiers were buried in the church cemetery of Pine Street Presbyterian.

During the war, Duffield counseled and comforted founding father George Washington with Scriptural truth.  After the war, Duffield returned to Pine Street Presbyterian to rebuild and continue his ministry.  John Adams, after hearing him one Sunday, told his wife that Duffield was “a man of genius and eloquence.”

He was married first to Elizabeth Blair, who died in 1757.  Two years later, he married Margaret Armstrong.  Among his descendants were two others named George Duffield, each of whom continued serving both Church and nation as Presbyterian clergy.  George Duffield died in Philadelphia.

Words to Live By:
Taking a stand for God and country has its own perils.  But if the cause is right and biblical, then it is worth the cost.  Our times are in His hands.

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